Mass Media Role Makes News In The Community Character Formation and Development of Information on the archipelag

Today the information needs of Indonesian society began to grow. Not only the artificial demand and instantaneous but has a need for a continuous and routine. Various needs good information from the world of entertainment, economics, business, politics, science, until it became a minor public consumption. Information has now been assessed by our society as a necessity, than just to know that for professional purposes, information is beginning to respond positively by masyarakat.Posisi information as essential needs of our community made to reach the goal through the benefits gained. With the availability of information, people can broaden their knowledge horizons, to understand the position and role in society and find out what events are happening around him.
Various events and community obtained information that can not be separated from the role of mass media in connection with the presentation of facts and interpretations of events. Through the public media to get some form of presentation of information in the form of news.
News is not an information that is always associated with all the events because not all events be preached lips. News itself is more focused construction of a reality intepretasinya process uses a variety of language has been measured. So the language can be said to play an important role in shaping public opinion.
But unfortunately there are problems associated with the news that was launched by the mass media. Sometimes the news is less objective than actual reality besides stripping limitations of data and facts presented in a friction makes the news. In terms of the facts have been contaminated by the subjectivity of opinion and news writers or even the fact sebgaian manipulated by certain parties for the wishes.
This then resulted in a wave of strong public opinion on an issue that is reported. Whether it's positive assessment of the hegemony of the positive image of the media posted or shape public opinion would be a negative case. Positive image that does not fit with the reality of the lies cause negative public opinion while continuing tersugestinya launched will cause resentment and hatred that the public feud thickens the smell of a problem. Thus the key problem is the presentation of news that could give a description of the problem as objective as possible so that the tendency of public opinion toward the negative can be controlled.
In this paper will be explained further about the role of mass media in the development of information and issues arising. The definition of news, definitions and types of media-type, the concept of the ideal mass media impact of the media presence to the solution and action plan adopted in dealing with these social problems.
Before discussing more about the role of the news media in shaping public character, be helpful to know the etymology of the news media and relevant part in it.
Definition news according to some communications experts, among others described as follows:
1.Menurut Dean M. Lyle Spencer: News is a fact or idea that can really attract much attention from readers.
2.Menurut Willard C. Bleyer: News is something termasa (new) selected by the reporters to appear in the newspaper. So he can draw or have makana for newspaper readers, or because it can attract readers - readers are.
3.Menurut William Maulsby S: News is a narrative correctly and impartially from the facts that have significance and a new place, which could attract the attention of newspaper readers is about news.
4.Menurut J.B. Wahyudi: News is reporting about the events or opinions that have the important value, attractive to some audiences, is still new and published through the mass media periodically.
H Djafar 5.Menurut Assegaf: News is reporting about the facts or ideas that termasa (new), selected by the editorial staff of a newspaper to broadcast, which can attract the attention of the reader. Whether because of extraordinary, whether because of the importance, or consequence, whether it is also because it includes aspects such as human interest humor, emotion and tension.
From the definition of news by some experts on journalism can be obtained by a synthesis of understanding the essence of the news. Core elements include news reports, incident / event / opinions are interesting and important, and served as quickly as possible (actual) through periodic media.
Whereas synthesis of mass media sense is a kind of communication addressed to several audiences scattered, heterogeneous, and anonymously through the print or electronic media, so the message is the same information can be received simultaneously and for a moment. Sense''may''here emphasizes the understanding that the number of actual recipients of information through mass media at a given moment is not essential. What is important is that the message can arrive at a large number of people in places scattered or "The communicator is a social organization capable or reproducing the message and sending it simultaneously to large number of people who are separated spartially" (Tan, 1981: 73).
The forms of mass media, in general, there are two types, namely: the print media (newspapers and magazines, including the books) and electronic media (television and radio, including the internet).
From the above two terms, the more clearly the role of media in the social life of a group. Media is connect people with the problem. The media's view of reality will determine the contents of the issue of symbolic reality. In addition there are six perspectives in viewing the role of media in social life.
First, see the media as a window on events and experience. Media is seen as a window that allows audiences to see what is happening out there. Or the media is a means to learn to know the various events.
Second, the media is also often seen as a mirror of events in society and the world, implying a faithful reflection. Mirror the events in the community and the world, which reflects what it is. Because of the media managers do not often feel "guilty" if the contents of the media is full of violence, conflict, pornography and various other evils, because they in fact did so, the media only as a reflection of the fact, regardless of likes and dislikes. But verily, angle, direction and framing of the contents of which are considered as a mirror of reality is decided by media professionals, and audiences are not completely free to find out what they want.
Third, looking at the mass media as a filter, or gatekeepers who select various things to be given attention or not. Media always choose issue, information or other forms of content based on the standard of the managers. Here the audience "chosen" by the media about what is worthy of note and attention.
Fourth, the mass media are often regarded as guide or interpreter, who translated and showing the direction of the various uncertainties, or a variety of alternative
Fifth, to see the media as a forum to present various information and ideas to the audience, thus allowing the occurrence of responses and feedback.
Sixth, the mass media as an interlocutor, which is not just a place away thatched information, but also the communication partner which allows interactive communication (press relations).
Role of media in society over the future will bring impact and significant changes to social life. Various media products presented on the viewers to give suggestions and influences that cause social change. According to Karl Erik Rosengren and the impact of media influence can be seen from the small scale (individual) and large (society) and sooner or later it spread influence.
This means that the impact of mass media can spread to anyone holistically. And simultaneously the impact of mass media with the community towards a change. Stay how it changes form, whether positive or negative.
The role of mass media considered positive role for society when the media can spread and menanamka moral values as an example of human love, uphold morals, respect the rights of others, spreading the tradition of forgiveness and mangasihi. Therefore penyuguhan and broadcast news media must remain entertaining despite education to build a healthy community behavior.
The mass media can also serve as a source of reference in the field of education and the rapid dissemination of information. In this case, the media can increase the level of public knowledge. Today, the media have an important part in the calls on people to combat the violence, and acts of criminality.
Media as a strategic force in the dissemination of information is one of the social authority influential in shaping attitudes and social norms of a society. The mass media can serve the wise role model for cultural change public attitudes.
But there are negative effects of penyuguhan news and impressions by the media. Mass media products will shape public opinion and negative perspectives. As an example of a display ad impressions or tobacco products are proven to drink by the latest research reveals that such ads proved mensugesti children and teenagers to try to consume them. Meanwhile, news that still confuse the object with the opinion factually possible authors can disseminate hostility and anarchist actions.
Another negative impact is the change in lifestyle. In developing countries the presentation of foreign news and entertainment to make the cultural and local values run over by a western-style modernization bersebrangan dengang cultural paradigm that is more tendentious Indonesia oriental.
In a personal level, the media proved to changing lifestyles and trends audience activity. Example of this is the impression or broadcast programs presented in electronic media such as television, radio or internet. Some researchers reveal too long listening impressions or broadcast media presented will make your lifestyle more passive and lazy to move. Lack of physical activity will affect the health quality of each individual.
To deal with the negative impacts of the above required a solution as well as a draft action plan which preventive or enforcement. Given the country's position at the time of globalization, it is impossible to circumvent technological developments and advances in the media following. Mass media as a driver of public opinion as a tool to make pengonstruksi society. Concrete examples of overcoming negative public opinion has been described in the sociology of communication known opinion leaders or opinion leaders. The mass media are expected to publish more opinions and arguments of community leaders such as religious, cultural figures, the experts until the observer of social problems. So expect public opinion is always awake in the tracks of positive objectivity.
Also more important is the existence of government regulation of the press law, film law and broadcasting law. Set of regulatory mechanisms that would later set strict sanctions against anyone who break them.
Another thing that drives two above action plan is the community participation efforts to jointly prevent the adverse effects of media globalization. Thus the freedom of the press created a dynamic in the development of information and positive for the community character formation and active in nation-building role.